5 Wireless Protocols Introduction

Supported devices of various types of wireless network technologies realize data communication between devices or between devices and the web (TCP/IP network) without cable connection, all through various protocols. ongoing. There are many different types of wireless technologies that are widely used in hardware products for the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine to machine (M2M) communications. The IEEE has seven 802.15 technical task groups (standards). These 802.15 task groups include: WPAN/Bluetooth, Coexistence (Network Coexistence), High Rate WPAN, Low Rate WPAN, Mesh Networking, Local Area Networks, and Visible Light Communications. Each of these IEEE protocols has its own unique advantages and limitations.

LoRa

LoRa is the abbreviation of Long Range, which belongs to one of the wireless communication technologies, and is typically characterized by long distance and low power consumption. The transmission rate is relatively low, and LoRa technology has the characteristics of long distance, low power consumption, low cost, and multiple nodes.

LoRaWAN is a set of transmission protocol standards based on LoRa's physical layer transmission and mainly based on the data link layer. Corresponding to the MAC layer in the OSI seven-layer model, LoRaWAN eliminates the incompatibility of specific hardware and has both Features such as multi-channel access, frequency switching, adaptive rate, channel management, timing transmission and reception, node access authentication and data encryption, and roaming.

NB-IOT

NB-IoT(Narrow Band Internet of Things) technology has become an important branch of the IoT network. NB-IoT is based on cellular network and only consumes about 180KHz of bandwidth, and can be directly deployed in GSM, UMTS and LTE networks to reduce deployment costs and achieve smooth upgrade functions.

IEEE 802.15.4：ZigBee

ZigBee is an open global standard protocol designed specifically for M2M networks. This technology not only has low cost and low power consumption, but also has the characteristics of low delay and low duty cycle, which allows the product to maximize the life of its power supply battery. It is an ideal technical solution for many industrial technologies. In addition, the ZigBee protocol provides 128-bit AES encryption, which supports Mesh networks and allows network nodes to be connected together through multiple transmission paths.

The most common application scenario of ZigBee technology is the smart home in the field of wireless transmission. The technology can connect multiple devices together at the same time, making it ideal for home networking environments, where users can communicate with each other between devices such as smart locks, lights, robots, and thermostats, and add controllers for real-time control Wait.

IEEE 802.11：Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi is the use of radio waves (RF) to enable two devices to communicate with each other. This technology is often used to connect devices such as computers, tablets and mobile phones to routers to achieve the purpose of surfing the Internet. In fact, it can also be widely used for connection between any two hardware devices.

IEEE 802.15.1: Classic Bluetooth and BLE

Bluetooth technology is a wireless technology used to transmit data over short distances. It is commonly used to connect small devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and laptops. For example, various voice systems. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) uses less power than standard Bluetooth and is often used in fitness bands, smart watches, or other small wearable hardware devices.